Writing a Conclusion Paragraph

When you conclude an argumentative or analytical essay, it is important provide an understanding of the meaning of the essay as a whole. Generally, the conclusion needs to do three things:

Revisit the topic and thesis of the essay (but don't just repeat the sentences from the first paragraph)
Summarize the claims you made
Leave the audience with a lasting impression of the relevance or significance. To support this, you might

--incorporate a quotation from the text
---evoke a vivid image
---suggest results or consequences

Martin Luther King Assignment 2

Assignment Two (Wednesday, 1/20)

Step One: Work through the speech, dividing it according to the purposes the author is trying to achieve or the audiences the author is trying to address. For each of these sections, write a clear claim about the purpose of the section, and generally characterize the rhetorical strategies used by King to support his argument.

Step Two: For each of these sections, identify three examples of rhetoric used by the author. for each,

A. Provide the quoted passage. WRITE THE QUOTE OUT.

B. Identify the rhetorical strategy being used in this passage

C. Provide a one sentence explanation supporting your identification of this strategy (ex. how do you know this is connotative diction...what is the connotation?!)

D. Provide a one sentence analysis of how the use of this rhetorical strategy supports the purpose you have identified for this part of the speech. Make sure to create a clear link between the specific meaning/ideas established by the quote you selected and the purpose or audience addressed.

Purpose 1: King tries to XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX, using Metaphors, Parallelism, and Allusion

Metaphors:

1. (text example)
2. (identify rhetorical strategy)
3. (justify identification or describe context)
4. (how does this support the purpose you identified?)

Parallelism:

1. (text example)
2. (identify rhetorical strategy)
3. (justify identification or describe context)
4. (how does this support the purpose you identified?)

Allusion:

1. (text example)
2. (identify rhetorical strategy)
3. (justify identification or describe context)
4. (how does this support the purpose you identified?)

Purpose 2: King tries to XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX, using Pathos, Antithesis, and Figurative Language

Pathos:

1. (text example)
2. (identify rhetorical strategy)
3. (justify identification or describe context)
4. (how does this support the purpose you identified?)

Antithesis:

1. (text example)
2. (identify rhetorical strategy)
3. (justify identification or describe context)
4. (how does this support the purpose you identified?)

Figurative Language:

1. (text example)
2. (identify rhetorical strategy)
3. (justify identification or describe context)
4. (how does this support the purpose you identified?)

Purpose 3: King tries to XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX, using Anaphora, Ethos, and Allusion

Anaphora:

1. (text example)
2. (identify rhetorical strategy)
3. (justify identification or describe context)
4. (how does this support the purpose you identified?)

Ethos:

1. (text example)
2. (identify rhetorical strategy)
3. (justify identification or describe context)
4. (how does this support the purpose you identified?)

Allusion:

1. (text example)
2. (identify rhetorical strategy)
3. (justify identification or describe context)
4. (how does this support the purpose you identified?)

Martin Luther King Assignment 1

Assignment One (Tuesday, 1/19):

Begin by reading and annotating the speech. Consider the following as you comment:

*What purposes does King have?

*What different audiences does he address, and how?

*What different tones are established in the speech, and why?

*Identify and comment on figurative language, connotative diction, allusion, syntactic schemes, analogies, persuasive appeals, selection of details, and any other rhetorical strategies you see in the speech.

Lincoln Rhetorical Analysis Fix Assignment

Now that you have looked at the AP evaluation criteria some samples of other students' work on the Lincoln free-write, you will have an opportunity to improve your writing (and earn some credit on the assignment) Here is what to do:

A. Rewrite your thesis statement, making it as clear and effective as possible. Make sure it answers the prompt and demonstrates understanding of the text.

B. Select your weakest paragraph and rewrite it. You may choose to add evidence, improve the depth of your analysis, select more effective words, or clarify your discussion. 

Write these fixes and submit to me NO LATER THAN FRIDAY, January 22

Lincoln Inaugural Free-Response Evaluation

Today, we will be looking at the free-responses we completed on Tuesday.

1. Begin by reading the evaluation criteria provided by the College Board and the (somewhat more specific) description provided by former AP readers and instructors. Highlight key terms that differentiate the categories from each other. What is the College Board looking for, and what terms do they use to describe levels of success.

2. Next, read the three sample responses I have provided. as you read, remember that these students only had 40 minutes to read the passage, decide on an approach  to the text, and write the essay. 

a. Provide a score for each passage, and explain why you assigned that score. Justify your decision by referring to specific wording in the evaluation criteria and text from the essay.

b. Highlight what you believe is the most effective passage of each essay. Then, in a comment, explain why you believe that text is effective.

JFK Inaugural Analysis Practice

First, here is a review of the pattern of rhetorical analysis

Before you write a rhetorical analysis, you need to understand and articulate the author's purpose/rhetorical situation -- this is usually raised in the introduction. Then follow this general pattern of analysis:

1. Identify and describe a rhetorical strategy that is used.
2. Provide a specific example of this strategy.
3. Clearly explain how the use of this rhetorical strategy functions in this context. What additional meaning/ feeling does it create and how?
4. How does creating this meaning/ feeling in this context help author achieve his purpose

JFK Inaugural Address:

Explain how the author’s rhetorical situation and purpose were supported by a syntactic scheme.

1. Identify/describe an example of syntactic scheme Kennedy employs strategy by how you know.
2. Used blended sentences to incorporate specific text.
3. How does the grammar of this passage develop additional meaning or clarity?

Connect what you said in C with a specific purpose/ rhetoric and explain how it works.

Kennedy Syntactic Schemes Identification

Today, with a partner, identify three different syntactic schemes on each page of Kennedy's Inaugural Address. Highlight each sentence or passage and add a comment accurately identifying the syntactic scheme used.

As you work, make sure you are as accurate as possible. Please don't just call everything parallel structure -- find the term that most clearly/specifically identifies the rhetorical strategy being used.

JFK Inaugural Rhetorical Analysis: Rhetorical Situation

After we finish reading Kennedy's Inaugural Address, please clearly answer the following questions at the bottom of your text:

A. OCCASION / CONTEXT: How did current events impact the content of Kennedy's speech?
Period 6
Atomic warfare
Cold War
Vietnam War
Civil Rights Movement
Communism
New nation that became independent after WW11
Space Race

Period 2:

Cold War required Kennedy to call  for strength and moderation in confronting adversarial powers Para 15.

Space exploration / Space race 18

His political victory in the election

The spread of Communism Para 9

Diplomatic relations with S. America Para 10

Poverty around the globe

New countries now free of colonialism

B. AUDIENCES: How did the audiences of this address impact its content?

Period 6
The United Nations
General Population / American citizens
The admin -- congress
Soviets
New nations
Nations developing nukes
Communist nations
Young Americans
Third World Countries

Period 2:
Addresses both sides of the election that resulted in his presidency and calls for unity going forward Para 2

C. SPEAKER: How did Kennedy's position or background impact the content of Kennedy's speech?
He is now President
His generation -- younger
Past political standpoints -- knowledge of American divisions
Soldier // Co -- aware of nature of war
Catholic?

D. PURPOSE: Describe, as clearly as possible, the purpose(s) of the address.
What does the author want the audience to believe
What does the author want the audience to feel
What does the author want the audience to do